Validator JSON types, empty whereIn, pgsql emulate_prepares, string traces

[papac]

Summary

Three commits, each independently revertable.

1. Validator: stop crashing on native JSON input types (a072199c)

Bug. A JSON body is decoded with native types, so a field declared nullable|boolean received a real false. The nullable rule passed it to the string-typed Str::isEmpty(), which throws a TypeError under strict_types, so the request died with a 500 before the boolean rule ran. The same assumption broke nullable with ints, floats and arrays, max/min/size with numbers and booleans, and alpha, alphanum, lower, upper, email with any non-string.

Fix.

• NullableRule: a value is absent only when null, a blank string or an empty array. false, 0, 0.0 are real values and reach the following rules.
• StringRule: max, min, size share an inputSize() helper following the convention between already documents: native numbers compare by value, strings by length. Numeric strings keep length semantics, so a form phone number declared max:10 behaves as before. Booleans and arrays fail the rule instead of throwing.
• alpha, alphanum, lower, upper, email fail cleanly on non-strings.

Tests. New database-free tests/Validation/ValidatorTypedInputTest.php (15 tests), written first and failing with 12 TypeErrors. Existing ValidationTest (102 tests) still passes against MySQL.

2. Database: empty whereIn() list and pgsql emulate_prepares (70a1026a)

Both were being re-applied as vendor patches by an application at build time.

• whereIn('id', []) built id in (), invalid SQL (SQLSTATE 42601) that php bow migrate hits on a project with no migrations yet. It now compiles to id in (null): valid on every driver, matches no row, no bindings. Test on in-memory SQLite checks the SQL, the bindings and the empty result.
• PostgreSQLAdapter honours a per-connection emulate_prepares key, default false so nothing changes unless opted in. Behind a pooler a server-side prepared statement can outlive a schema change and fail with SQLSTATE 0A000 "cached plan must not change result type"; with emulated prepares PDO quotes the values and nothing is cached on the server. Two connection tests: off by default, on when configured.

3. Log and report exception traces as strings (54c32163)

getTrace() returns frames with their arguments, and serializing those can run code: an argument object whose jsonSerialize() issues a query throws again on an already-aborted transaction, so the logger failed while reporting the original error. LoggerConfiguration and QueueAdapter now log the exception class, file:line and getTraceAsString(). BaseErrorHandler puts the string trace in the non-production JSON response.

Verification

• tests/Validation: 117 tests pass (102 existing against MySQL, 15 new without a database).
• tests/Database: 778 tests pass against SQLite, MySQL and PostgreSQL in throwaway containers (Redis excluded, no server).
• phpcs --standard=psr12 clean on every changed source file.

Not changed

whereNotIn() with an empty array still builds not in (). The right empty-list behaviour there is "exclude nothing", the opposite of whereIn, so it is left for a separate decision.

Companion docs PR: bowphp/docs "Document validator JSON types, empty whereIn and PostgreSQL options".